References
Names of convict women
Names used in main headings have been taken from the Transportation Register for the Friends. The list of women also includes Elizabeth Ward who was on board the Friends but who was not included in the register.
Women were tried under their maiden names, married names or aliases and then often used other surnames in New South Wales. All known names for these women are listed.
For all date entries, the original spellings used in the records – more often misspellings – have been retained.
Where the references NSWBDM or CS do not appear by entries for births, deaths and marriages, it means they have been sourced from the family history websites noted and may not be confirmed.
Abbreviations used in the Census and Musters:
C Convict
ToL Ticket of leave
FBS Free by servitude (also FS)
CF Came free
AP Absolute pardon
CP Conditional pardon
Pro Protestant
Cat(h) Catholic
On On stores
Off Off stores
Abbreviations used on this website
CEN – New South Wales Government, 1828 Census: Householders’ returns, Series 1273, Reels 2551–2552, 2506–2507, State Records Authority of New South Wales, Kingswood, New South Wales, Australia; Home Office: Settlers and Convicts, New South Wales and Tasmania (The National Archives Microfilm Publication HO10, Pieces 21–28); The National Archives, Kew, Surrey, England
Also on www.ancestry.com.au
M – NSW Convict Musters 1806–1849, Home Office: Settlers and Convicts, New South Wales and Tasmania, The National Archives, Kew, Surrey, England
Also on www.ancestry.com.au
Musters and population counts were held regularly in part to determine food requirements for the colony. Convicts and settlers alike were fed from the government food stores for a period of time after arrival, and after that they were expected to be self-sufficient. The musters noted whether a person was “on stores” or “off stores”. In the musters, convicts and former convicts were identified by the ship on which they arrived in the colony. Sometimes the name of the ship was incorrectly noted (this happened throughout the official records). The Friends was sometimes recorded as another ship, the Friendship, and vice versa.
ADB – Australian Dictionary of Biography www.adb.online.anu.edu.au
AJCP – Public Record Office UK, Admiralty Records, ADM108, Subseries (pieces 19-30)/File 22. Australian Joint Copying Project (AJCP) Reel No. 4401. This record includes a list of the 86 women and the number of their children initially boarded in the Thames, London (letter 23 February 1811).
AP – NSW Convict Registers of Conditional and Absolute Pardons 1791-1870 www.ancestry.com.au
BDA – Biographical Database of Australia www.bda-online.org.au
CF – NSW Certificates of Freedom 1827-1867 www.ancestry.com.au
CI– NSW Convict Indents 1788-1842 www.ancestry.com.au
CP – NSW Convict Registers of Conditional and Absolute Pardons 1791-1870 www.ancestry.com.au
CR – All England & Wales, Criminal Registers 1791–1892. Records created or inherited by the Home Office, Ministry of Home Security and related bodies, Series HO 26 and HO 27, The National Archives, Kew, Surrey, England, sourced from www.ancestry.com.au
CS – New South Wales, Australia, Colonial Secretary’s Papers 1788–1825 www.ancestry.com.au These are online records sourced from the State Records Authority of New South Wales, Kingswood, New South Wales, Australia, where they are also available, but only an index is online.
GD – NSW Gaol Description and Entrance Books 1818–1930, 26 July 1839 www.ancestry.com.au
HRA – Historical Records of Australia, Series 1, vols 3–8, Library Committee of the Commonwealth Parliament, Australia, 1915–1923
HRNSW – Historical Records of New South Wales, vols 3–7 (ed.), FM Bladen, Government Printer, Sydney, 1892–1901
NSWBDM – NSW Registry of Births Deaths and Marriages www.bdm.nsw.gov.au
NSWSR – The State Records Authority of New South Wales, Kingswood, New South Wales, Australia www.records.nsw.gov.au/archives. Some records are available online at this website. They include the Colonial Secretary’s Papers, which are available online for the years 1788-1825 at www.ancestry.com.au. See CS
SAG – Society of Australian Genealogists www.sag.org.au
TAS – Tasmanian Government archives online search.archives.tas.gov.au
This site has been compiled by Elsbeth Hardie, author of The Girl Who Stole Stockings. Further references are listed in the book.